While eating rice contaminated with the bacteria Bacillus cereus can give you food poisoning that causes vomiting, stomach cramps, and diarrhea, there are steps you can take to prevent it. Storing rice properly can help to decrease the risk of contamination from bacteria as well as other possible health hazards such as insects, mold, or fungus. Rice needs to be thoroughly cooked so that it is heated through, which can be accomplished in one of several ways, including on the stove or in the oven. After cooking, you need to make sure the rice is handled properly so that any remaining bacteria do not multiply to the point of becoming toxic. Also, remember to reheat it thoroughly and only once within a day of initially cooking it, as food poisoning from rice is often the result of improperly handled leftovers.
You can take steps to avoid food poisoning from rice even before you cook it. Rice can easily become contaminated with microorganisms or attract pests such as mice or bugs if it is not stored correctly. Once a bag of rice is opened, make sure to transfer it to a container that can be sealed with a tight lid. You will also want to find a cool, dry place to put it, as heat and moisture increase the chances that bacteria will grow in your rice.
Proper cooking is critical for preventing food poisoning from rice. Different methods you can use include simmering it in a pot on the stove, baking it in a covered dish in the oven, or microwaving it in a microwave-safe covered dish. You may also wish to use a rice cooker specifically designed for it. In all cases, the rice should be covered and cooked until the necessary liquid is absorbed for it to be tender, and the rice is hot all the way through.
Ideally, rice should be served immediately after cooking or kept hot until served. If this is not possible, you need to make sure it stays at room temperature for only two hours or less. After that, it is important to cool it and refrigerate it to discourage bacteria growth.
Food poisoning from rice can also occur if reheating is done improperly. Leftover rice should be eaten soon after it is made, preferably within a day. As with the initial cooking, you should make sure it is hot all the way through. Avoid reheating it more than once as well.