Azithromycin is a type of medication called a macrolide antibiotic. Doctors prescribe it to treat bacterial infections such as skin infections, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia. In the United States, it is available by prescription only.
Patients must finish the full course of medication according to the doctor's directions, even if the condition seems to have improved. Azithromycin is available in three forms: as a tablet, as a liquid, and as a powder to be mixed with water. Patients taking the liquid form should shake the bottle and use a medicine cup to accurately measure the correct dosage. When taking the tablet, patients should drink a full glass of water with every dose.
Those using the powder form of azithromycin must ensure they receive the full dosage. After pouring a small glass of water, the patient will empty the entire contents of a single dose powder packet into the glass. The water must then be stirred and the patient should drink the dosage right away. After consuming, additional water should be added to any remaining medication at the bottom of the glass so the remainder can be taken. Powdered azithromycin already mixed with water should not be saved for later use.
Patients taking azithromycin should take a few measures to ensure their general health and prevent complications. They should refrain from taking antacids within two hours of taking a dosage, as this can lessen the efficacy of the drug. Sunbathing and tanning salons should be avoided, and patients should wear sunscreen and protective clothing while outdoors, as azithromycin can increase susceptibility to sunburn.
Taking azithromycin may result in some side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, as well as stomach upset. Dizziness, fatigue, and insomnia are also possible, and some patients have reported a temporarily impaired sense of taste, smell, or sound.
Patients who experience severe side effects should get medical help immediately. This includes watery or bloody diarrhea, fever, and an uneven heartbeat. Some people may experience chest pain, jaundice, and dark urine. Signs of an allergic reaction can include a skin rash, facial swelling, and breathing problems.
Before taking azithromycin, people should disclose other medications and supplements they are taking, as well as any medical conditions they have. This drug can interact with other medicines, such as blood thinners, other antibiotics, and cholesterol-lowering pills. In addition, patients with cystic fibrosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and liver or kidney disease may be unable to use this antibiotic.