A pinched arm nerve can cause significant pain and difficulties accomplishing basic daily tasks. If a nerve is compressed or damaged in the wrist, elbow, or shoulder, a person can experience debilitating arm weakness. There are a few different approaches to treatment for a pinched arm nerve, and a doctor can help to determine the best option based on the location, severity, and cause of symptoms. Most pinched nerves can be relieved with a period of rest and over-the-counter anti-inflammatory drugs. High-strength medications, bracing, physical therapy, or surgery may be needed in more serious cases.
The most common site of a pinched arm nerve is the wrist, a condition known as carpal tunnel syndrome. If pain, tingling, and numbness are centered in the elbow, cubital tunnel syndrome may be responsible. Both conditions are usually caused by chronic overuse of the joints, and symptoms are related to inflammation and swelling of muscles, tendons, and joint tissue that surround major nerves. Treatment for a pinched arm nerve is therefore targeted at stopping inflammation, which reduces swelling and relieves nerve compression.
A minor case of carpal or cubital tunnel syndrome can usually be alleviated by avoiding the activities that cause pain. For some, that may mean taking a break from daily typing or investing in an ergonomic keyboard that takes pressure off of the wrists. Construction workers, painters, and other people who perform repetitive elbow motions may need to reduce their workload or take time off for a few weeks. Most doctors agree that rest is the most important element of recovery from a pinched arm nerve. A physician may even suggest wearing a splint during the day or night to keep an affected joint immobilized.
An individual can also use ice packs and over-the-counter medications to reduce symptoms and speed up recovery time. Applying an ice pack to a sore wrist or elbow can help to numb pain and reduce joint swelling. Responsible use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen can also help to relieve aches. If pain and weakness persist despite conservative home treatments, it is important to speak with a doctor about other options.
A doctor can inject a corticosteroid directly into an especially painful joint to instantly reduce inflammation. He or she might prescribe high-strength painkillers and suggest physical therapy after about one month of rest. Guided physical therapy exercises can help patients regain strength in their arms and learn how to avoid overuse injuries in the future.
Surgery may be necessary if all other treatment options fail. A skilled surgeon can locate the exact site of nerve compression and determine the best way to reverse it. Surgery may involve clipping a tendon or muscle, removing a bone spur, or realigning the nerve to avoid further damage. Most patients need to wear casts or slings for several weeks following surgery and participate in physical therapy before returning to regular activities.