Tretinoin is a drug commonly prescribed in dermatology for the treatment of acne. Available in a cream and a gel, it is the acid form of vitamin A and is most frequently marketed under the brand name Retin-A®, among others. Though tretinoin is most commonly used as a prescription acne treatment, it can also be used to treat other skin conditions as determined by a dermatologist as well as acute myeloid leukemia.
The effectiveness of tretinoin for the treatment of acne has been proven so conclusively that it is the treatment of choice for acne that has failed to respond to over-the-counter treatments. It works by increasing cell turnover growth, which in turn expedites the unclogging of pores and clears the skin. The drug has also been proven to reduce the appearance of wrinkles.
Though tretinoin is an effective dermatological treatment, it is not without side effects. The most common include increased dryness and flaking of the skin. It also reduces the pigmentation in the skin, making it more prone to sunburn. Patients using this drug should use a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 on a daily basis.
When a dermatologist prescribes tretinoin, it is important for the patient to understand its use. Patients must introduce their skin to the drug gradually. Most doctors provide a specific schedule of use when prescribing tretinoin that includes a gradual introduction to daily use over the course of several weeks. Patients should understand that changing the application dosage to more frequent applications can result in damage to the skin.
Many patients also fail to realize that the benefits of tretinoin are often not seen for weeks — as much as six to nine weeks — after regular usage begins. However, with proper usage, it can significantly improve the appearance of skin over time. Many people begin using the drug in their mid-teens and can gradually reduce and possibly eliminate its use by their mid to late-20s, when hormonal balance is restored.
Tretinoin is available by prescription only and is not covered under all prescription insurance plans. People who have acne that has been unresponsive to over-the-counter treatments may want to consult a dermatologist about the use of this drug.