Atropine poisoning refers to a toxic reaction by the body that occurs due to an accidental or intentional overdose of the medication known as atropine. Some of the most common symptoms of atropine poisoning include dilated pupils, disorientation, and difficulty breathing. This condition can be fatal, so a person who is suspected to have overdosed on this drug should be transported to the nearest hospital or other medical facility. Treatment for atropine poisoning varies according to the specific situation and may include the use of activated charcoal, oxygen therapy, or intravenous drug therapy. Supportive care such as oxygen therapy or the use of a catheter to help drain urine from the kidneys and bladder may be needed in some cases, and psychological therapy or counseling may be recommended following recovery.
Dilated pupils, high fever, and difficulty breathing are common signs of atropine poisoning. Paramedics should be called if these symptoms are present, and the caregiver may be asked to perform a few basic procedures while waiting for help to arrive. CPR may be necessary if the affected person is not breathing or seems unresponsive. Cold compresses can be used to help bring down a high fever. The caregiver should remain on the phone with emergency services until help arrives in case further information or instructions are needed.
Once at the hospital, the patient will be assessed and an individualized treatment plan will be developed. Oxygen therapy may be needed if breathing problems persist, and activated charcoal may be used to help absorb the medication in the digestive tract. Gastric lavage may be used to pump out the contents of the stomach in an effort to remove as much medication from the body as possible. Intravenous fluids and medications may be administered as necessary to treat individual symptoms such as blood pressure changes or seizures.
The kidneys can suffer a great degree of damage as the result of atropine poisoning, especially if urine is not removed from the kidneys and bladder right away. Dialysis has not been shown to be helpful in cases of atropine poisoning, so a catheter may be inserted into the bladder to help drain the urine as quickly as possible.
If atropine poisoning is believed to have occurred as a result of intentional misuse of the medication, drug counseling or psychological therapy may be recommended after the patient's medical condition has stabilized. In some cases, the patient may be moved to a rehabilitation facility after release from the hospital. Other situations may allow for outpatient counseling services.