Hyperpnea is a medical term used to describe a prolonged period of increased respiratory effort. This condition is often worse after exercise or other physical exertion, although it may develop in patients with anemia or those who have been exposed to high altitudes. There are a variety of potential causes for this type of deep breathing and include both voluntary and involuntary factors. Some of the most commonly reported symptoms of hyperpnea include deep, labored breathing and noticeable chest expansion when inhaling. Any specific questions or concerns about hyperpnea in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
There are several potential causes of hyperpnea, including physical exertion, respiratory illnesses, or gastrointestinal disturbances. Neurological, metabolic, or psychological disorders may also cause this type of breathing disorder. Voluntary hyperpnea may occur in cases where deep breathing is encouraged, such as when a pregnant woman is in labor. Stressful or painful situations may also lead to this type of breathing.
Most patients experiencing hyperpnea breath at either a normal rate or a slightly increased rate, although breathing may be a bit deeper than normal, causing a noticeable expansion of the chest when inhaling. Hyperventilation is a common complication of this type of breathing pattern. Symptoms of hyperventilation include rapid breathing, dizziness, and confusion. A doctor should be consulted in cases of uncontrolled hyperventilation in order to prevent the development of serious complications.
Metabolic acidosis is a medical condition that often exists alongside involuntary hyperpnea. This illness occurs as a result of an overproduction of acid or when the kidneys do not function well enough to efficiently rid the body of acid. A variety of potential causes for metabolic acidosis exist, including the use of certain medications, physical illness, or alcohol abuse. Symptoms may include lethargy, rapid breathing, and confusion. Intravenous medications known as bicarbonates or kidney dialysis may be used to treat this disorder.
Treatment for hyperpnea depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, the breathing problems are worsened by inadequate sleep or medical conditions such as sleep apnea. Sleep studies are often performed to see if there are any sleep disorders present. Prescription medications, oxygen therapy, or other forms of breathing assistance may be beneficial for many people. A series of diagnostic testing is frequently performed in order to rule out any serious medical conditions before the doctor and patient devise an individualized treatment plan.