Sudden vomiting can be caused by a variety of factors, including food poisoning, digestive disturbances, or severe infections. Treatment for this symptom is tailored to individual needs and depends on the underlying cause, additional symptoms, and the overall age and health of the patient. Some of the most common types of treatment for sudden vomiting include dietary changes, drinking plenty of fluids, and the use of over-the-counter or prescription medications. If complications such as severe dehydration occur, more intensive treatment in a hospital setting may be required. Any specific questions or concerns about the onset of sudden vomiting in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.
The first step in the treatment of sudden vomiting, after consulting a physician to obtain an accurate diagnosis, is usually an increase in fluid intake. Persistent vomiting can cause the body to lose more fluid than is normally consumed, leading to a potentially serious complication known as dehydration. In an effort to prevent this occurrence, additional fluid consumption is vital.
Many people who experience sudden vomiting are unable to keep down any type of food. A temporary liquid diet may be recommended in these cases. Bland foods such as bananas, rice, and plain toast may gradually be added to the diet as tolerated by the patient. Spicy, fatty, or greasy foods should be avoided until the patient has experienced a full recovery.
Over-the-counter medications that are designed to treat nausea may be beneficial for some who experience sudden vomiting. Stronger medications may be prescribed by a doctor if the vomiting continues. If a fever or severe abdominal pain accompanies the vomiting, emergency medical care should be obtained. Vomiting that lasts more than a couple of days or is accompanied by other symptoms should be reported to a doctor for further evaluation.
Symptoms such as dizziness, dry mouth, and irregular heartbeat may indicate that dehydration is occurring. If the patient is not able to keep down enough fluids, a brief hospital stay may become necessary. A small tube known as a catheter is inserted into a vein so that fluids and any necessary medications can be introduced directly into the body. If the sudden vomiting is determined to be caused by complications such as appendicitis, gallbladder disease, or a bowel obstruction, emergency surgery to repair the problem may occur before the patient leaves the hospital.